Constipation Care in Grand Rapids, MI

Constipation is medically defined as having fewer than three bowel movements per week. Many people in Grand Rapids also describe constipation as passing hard, dry, or difficult-to-pass stools, even if they go more often than three times weekly.

Occasional constipation is very common. It can follow:

  • A change in routine (for example, travel to or from Grand Rapids)
  • A change in diet (such as eating more “on-the-go” or fast food)
  • Brief illnesses like colds or respiratory infections (common in Michigan winters)
  • Certain medications, including antibiotics and pain relievers

Chronic constipation (lasting more than a few weeks) is rarely due to a life‑threatening condition, but it should not be ignored. If simple home measures don’t help, schedule an appointment with your Grand Rapids healthcare provider or local clinic.

How the Bowel Normally Works

From Digestion to Bowel Movement

  • Small intestine: Most nutrients from food are absorbed here.
  • Large intestine (colon): Waste moves through the colon via muscular contractions called peristalsis. Water is absorbed, making the stool more solid.
  • Rectum: Stool is stored here until you are ready to have a bowel movement.
  • Anus: A ring of muscle (sphincter) relaxes to let stool pass out of the body.

Normal stool is about three-quarters water. The rest is made up of undigested fiber, intestinal bacteria, and other waste products.

Symptoms of Constipation

Common constipation symptoms include:

  • Needing to open the bowels less often than usual
  • Hard, dry, or lumpy stools that may be painful to pass
  • Straining to have a bowel movement
  • Sitting on the toilet much longer than usual
  • Feeling like your bowel hasn’t fully emptied
  • Abdominal cramps or a bloated abdomen

In some cases, constipation may be caused by more serious conditions such as tumors or systemic diseases. If you live in the Grand Rapids area and notice new, severe, or persistent symptoms, contact your doctor or an urgent care clinic.

Constipation often results from several lifestyle factors acting together. In West Michigan, seasonal changes, work patterns, and diet can all play a role.

1. Change in Routine

Normal bowel habits depend on regular, rhythmic contractions of the bowel. This “internal clock” can be disrupted by:

  • Travel (for work or vacation)
  • Shift work (common in healthcare, manufacturing, and service jobs around Grand Rapids)
  • Changes in sleep patterns

Shift workers and frequent travelers often notice more constipation.

2. Low-Fiber Diet

Fiber is the indigestible part of plant foods. It adds bulk and softness to stool, making it easier to pass.

There are two main types of fiber:

Soluble Fiber – Softens the Stool

Soluble fiber absorbs water and forms a gel-like substance, helping to soften stool.

Good local food sources include:

  • Beans and legumes (black beans, lentils, chickpeas)
  • Oats and oat bran
  • Barley (grown in Michigan and available in local markets)
  • Apples, berries, and citrus fruits

Insoluble Fiber – Adds Bulk and Speeds Transit

Insoluble fiber adds bulk to stool and helps it move more quickly through the bowel.

Good sources include:

  • Wholegrain breads and cereals
  • Wheat bran
  • Brown rice
  • Nuts and seeds
  • Vegetables such as carrots, green beans, broccoli, and leafy greens

In Grand Rapids, you can find plenty of high‑fiber options at local grocery stores, farmers markets, and co‑ops.

3. Not Drinking Enough Water

Fiber needs water to work properly. Without enough fluid:

  • Stool can become dry and hard
  • Even a high‑fiber diet can cause or worsen constipation

In Michigan’s cold winters, many people drink less water and more coffee or tea, which can be mildly dehydrating. Aim for plenty of water throughout the day, especially if you’re indoors with dry heating or active outdoors.

4. Lack of Regular Exercise

A sedentary lifestyle is a common cause of constipation. Movement helps stimulate the natural contractions of your intestines.

  • Regular walking, using Grand Rapids’ many trails and parks
  • Indoor activities during winter (treadmill, stationary bike, home workouts)

People with limited mobility or disabilities are at higher risk and should be as active as safely possible each day.

5. Ignoring the Urge to Go

Regularly ignoring the urge to have a bowel movement can cause:

  • More water to be absorbed from stool, making it harder
  • Reduced sensitivity to the body’s normal signals

This can happen at work, school, or when access to a bathroom is limited.

6. Medications That Can Cause Constipation

Several common medications slow bowel movements, including:

  • Narcotic pain relievers, especially those containing codeine
  • Some antidepressants
  • Iron supplements
  • Calcium‑channel blockers for high blood pressure (e.g., verapamil)
  • Non‑magnesium antacids

If you live in Grand Rapids and are taking any of these and notice constipation, talk with your doctor or pharmacist before making any changes.

7. Pregnancy

Constipation is common during pregnancy due to:

  • Hormonal changes
  • Reduced physical activity
  • Pressure from the growing uterus on the intestines

Pregnant individuals in Grand Rapids should discuss safe constipation treatments with their OB/GYN or midwife.

8. Advancing Age

Constipation is more common in older adults, for reasons such as:

  • Reduced intestinal muscle contractions
  • Less physical activity
  • Multiple medications
  • Changes in diet and fluid intake

Seniors in Grand Rapids should discuss bowel changes with their primary care provider, especially at Spectrum Health, Trinity Health Grand Rapids, Metro Health, or Mercy Health clinics.

9. Illness and Hospitalization

Constipation often follows:

  • Illness requiring bed rest
  • Abdominal or gynecological surgery
  • Hospital stays

Contributing factors include changes in routine, reduced food intake, pain, and pain medications such as morphine. If you’ve recently been hospitalized in Grand Rapids and notice constipation, let your care team or primary doctor know.

Medical Causes of Constipation

Sometimes constipation is a sign of an underlying medical condition. These include:

Disordered Defecation

This refers to difficulty coordinating the muscles needed to have a bowel movement. It may be due to:

  • Insufficient forward contractions of the lower bowel (anorectum)
  • Increased resistance in the anal canal

Straining is common. Specialized centers in West Michigan, including colorectal and pelvic floor clinics, may offer testing and biofeedback therapy.

Slow Transit Constipation

In slow transit constipation, the “pacemaker” of the bowel is less active, so stool moves very slowly through the colon. People with this condition often become constipated with even minor changes in routine.

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

IBS is characterized by:

  • Abdominal pain
  • Bloating
  • Constipation, diarrhea, or alternating between the two

People with IBS may have features of slow transit, disordered defecation, or both.

Anal Fissure

An anal fissure is a small tear in the lining of the anus. It can cause:

  • Sharp pain during bowel movements
  • Bleeding

People may avoid going to the bathroom because of pain, which can worsen constipation.

Obstruction

The rectum or anus may be partially blocked by:

  • Hemorrhoids (piles)
  • Rectal prolapse (rectum slipping down)
  • Large polyps or tumors

Rectocele

A rectocele occurs when the rectum bulges into the back wall of the vagina, often when a woman bears down or strains. This can make it difficult to fully empty the bowel.

Hernia and Prior Surgery

  • Abdominal or gynecological surgery can change bowel motility.
  • Hernias can alter abdominal pressure and bowel function.

Endocrine and Metabolic Problems

Conditions such as:

  • Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)
  • Diabetes

can slow bowel movements.

Tumors and Cancer

  • Tumors in or near the bowel can obstruct the passage of stool.
  • Pain while trying to pass a stool can be a symptom of rectal cancer and requires prompt medical evaluation.

Diseases of the Nervous System

Conditions that affect the brain and nerves can also affect bowel function, including:

  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Parkinson’s disease
  • Stroke

If you have one of these conditions and live in Grand Rapids, discuss bowel changes with your neurologist or primary care provider.

Complications of Chronic Constipation

If constipation is long‑standing and severe, complications can include:

Fecal Impaction

  • The lower bowel and rectum become so packed with stool that the muscles cannot push it out.
  • This often requires medical treatment, sometimes including enemas or manual removal.

Stercoral Ulcer

  • Hard, impacted stool can press on and erode the lining of the bowel.
  • This can cause ulcers, significant bleeding, or even perforation (a hole in the bowel), which is a medical emergency.

Fecal Incontinence

  • An overfull bowel can lead to “overflow” diarrhea, where loose stool leaks around the impaction.
  • This can cause embarrassment and skin irritation.

Hemorrhoids

  • Straining and passing hard stools can cause or worsen swollen veins in the rectum and anus, leading to pain, itching, and bleeding.

Rectal Prolapse

  • Repeated straining can cause the rectum to protrude through the anus.

Urinary Incontinence

  • A chronically full bowel can put pressure on the bladder.
  • This can make involuntary urine leakage more likely, especially when coughing, laughing, or sneezing.

Diagnosis of Constipation in Grand Rapids

Your healthcare provider will aim to find the underlying reason for your constipation. Evaluation may include:

  • Detailed medical history: Type and duration of symptoms, stool pattern, presence of blood, weight loss, or pain.
  • Medication review: Including prescription drugs, over‑the‑counter medicines, supplements, and herbal products.
  • Diet and lifestyle assessment: Fiber intake, fluid consumption, exercise habits, and daily routine.
  • Physical examination: Including an examination of the anal canal and rectum.
  • Trial of simple laxatives: The response can help clarify the cause.
  • Referral to a specialist: Gastroenterologist or colorectal specialist for persistent or complicated cases.
  • Tests of anorectal function: Such as anorectal manometry (pressure measurements) in people with alarm symptoms or those over 50 with new‑onset constipation.
  • Colonoscopy: To evaluate for polyps, tumors, or other structural problems, especially in older adults or those with red‑flag symptoms.

In Grand Rapids, these evaluations can be done through major health systems such as Spectrum Health, Trinity Health Grand Rapids, Metro Health, and Mercy Health, as well as independent gastroenterology practices.

Treatment for Constipation

Treatment depends on the cause, but common approaches include:

1. Adjusting Medications

  • Stopping or changing medications that cause constipation, when medically safe.
  • This should always be done under the guidance of your doctor or pharmacist.

2. Removing Impacted Stool

For severe constipation or fecal impaction, treatment may involve:

  • Enemas
  • Stool softeners
  • Manual removal in a medical setting

3. Dietary Changes

Increasing fiber gradually is a key step. Dietitians generally recommend about 30 grams of fiber per day for adults.

Good fiber sources include:

  • Wholegrain cereals and breads
  • Brown rice and wholegrain pasta
  • Fruits (apples, pears, berries, prunes)
  • Vegetables (broccoli, carrots, leafy greens)
  • Legumes (beans, lentils, chickpeas)

Foods that tend to contribute to constipation and may need to be limited include:

  • Large amounts of cheese and other dairy products
  • White rice
  • Foods made with white flour (white bread, many baked goods)
  • Excess red meat

4. More Fluids

  • Aim for adequate water intake throughout the day.
  • Limit diuretic drinks such as coffee, strong tea, and alcohol, which can increase fluid loss.

5. Fiber Supplements

Fiber supplements may help if you are unable or unwilling to get enough fiber from food alone. However:

  • Some fiber supplements can aggravate or cause constipation if not taken with enough water.
  • Always check with your doctor or a registered dietitian before starting supplements.

6. Exercise

Regular physical activity improves bowel motility. Aim for about 30 minutes of exercise most days, such as:

  • Walking in your neighborhood or along the Grand River
  • Using indoor facilities during winter (gyms, community centers, home workouts)

People with limited mobility should be as active as safely possible, as even small amounts of regular movement can help.

7. Laxatives

When lifestyle changes and fiber are not enough, laxatives can be used. Types include:

  • Bulk-forming laxatives: Add bulk and hold fluid in the stool.
  • Osmotic laxatives: Draw water into the bowel to soften stool.
  • Stimulant laxatives: Increase intestinal contractions.
  • Stool softeners: Help moisten and soften stool.

Key points:

  • Chronic constipation that does not respond to fiber alone can often be safely treated long term with appropriately dosed laxatives.
  • There is little evidence that proper long‑term use of laxatives causes a “lazy” or “twisted” bowel.
  • Always follow medical advice on type and dose.

8. Pelvic Floor Retraining and Biofeedback

For disordered defecation that does not respond to fiber and laxatives, treatment may include:

  • Suppositories or enemas
  • Pelvic floor “retraining” via biofeedback therapy

These services are typically offered at specialized centers for anorectal and pelvic floor disorders, available through major health systems in West Michigan.

9. Medications for Slow Transit Constipation

If slow transit constipation does not respond to simple laxatives, your doctor may prescribe medications that specifically increase the speed of stool transit through the colon.

10. Treating Underlying Conditions

If constipation is due to another medical problem (such as hypothyroidism, diabetes, or a neurological condition), treating that condition is essential.

When to Seek Urgent or Emergency Care in Grand Rapids

Contact a doctor or urgent care clinic right away if you have constipation plus:

  • Severe abdominal pain
  • Vomiting
  • Inability to pass gas
  • Blood in the stool or black, tarry stools
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Painful bowel movements with a feeling of blockage
  • New‑onset constipation after age 50

In an emergency, always call 911 or go to the emergency department of the nearest hospital, such as:

  • Spectrum Health Butterworth Hospital
  • Trinity Health Grand Rapids Hospital
  • Metro Health – University of Michigan Health
  • Mercy Health facilities in the Grand Rapids area

Local Resources for Constipation Help in Grand Rapids, MI

If you need help managing constipation in Grand Rapids, consider:

  • Your primary care provider (GP or family doctor)
    For evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment planning.

  • Local gastroenterologists and colorectal specialists
    For persistent, severe, or complicated constipation.

  • Pharmacists
    For advice on over‑the‑counter laxatives, stool softeners, and fiber supplements.

  • Urgent Care Clinics in Grand Rapids
    For same‑day care when symptoms are uncomfortable but not life‑threatening.

  • Kent County Health Department & Grand Rapids Public Health resources
    For community health information, nutrition guidance, and referrals.

If you are unsure where to start, call your doctor’s office or a local urgent care center for guidance.

Key Points About Constipation in Grand Rapids

  • Constipation means infrequent, hard, or difficult‑to‑pass stools and is very common.
  • Causes include low fiber intake, not enough fluids, lack of exercise, changes in routine, some medications, pregnancy, aging, and illness.
  • In some cases, constipation is caused by more serious illnesses and events, including tumors and systemic diseases.
  • Constipation is more common in older adults and those with limited mobility.
  • Short‑term treatment with laxatives is often required and can be safe when guided by a healthcare professional.
  • Pain while trying to pass a stool, blood in the stool, or new constipation after age 50 should be evaluated promptly.
  • Grand Rapids residents have access to high‑quality care through Spectrum Health, Trinity Health Grand Rapids, Metro Health, Mercy Health, and local public health resources.